{"id":3264,"date":"2021-09-24T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-24T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?p=3264"},"modified":"2021-09-24T11:42:59","modified_gmt":"2021-09-24T04:42:59","slug":"malte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/malte\/","title":{"rendered":"Malte"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_.png\" alt=\"Drapeau de Malte.\" data-id=\"3268\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?attachment_id=3268\" class=\"wp-image-3268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_.png 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Malta.svg_-110x73.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Drapeau Maltais.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"187\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg_.png\" alt=\"Blason Maltais.\" data-id=\"3267\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?attachment_id=3267\" class=\"wp-image-3267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg_.png 187w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta.svg_-86x110.png 86w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 187px) 100vw, 187px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Blason Maltais.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte.png\" alt=\"Localisation de Malte dans le monde.\" data-id=\"3266\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?attachment_id=3266\" class=\"wp-image-3266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte.png 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Europe_location_Malte-110x83.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Localisation de Malte dans le monde.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/278px-General_map_of_Malta.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"278\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/278px-General_map_of_Malta.svg_.png\" alt=\"Carte de Malte.\" data-id=\"3265\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/278px-General_map_of_Malta.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?attachment_id=3265\" class=\"wp-image-3265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/278px-General_map_of_Malta.svg_.png 278w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/278px-General_map_of_Malta.svg_-110x95.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 278px) 100vw, 278px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Carte de Malte.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nom :<\/strong>&nbsp;Malte ou r\u00e9publique de Malte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statut \u00e0 l&#8217;OIF :<\/strong> \u00c9tat observateur de l&#8217;OIF depuis 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Situation g\u00e9ographique :<\/strong> Ensemble de huit \u00eeles situ\u00e9es dans la Mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e au sud de la Sicile (Italie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Capitale&nbsp;:<\/strong> La Valette.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hymne :<\/strong>&nbsp;en&nbsp;maltais&nbsp;:&nbsp;<em>L-Innu Malti<\/em>(\u00ab&nbsp;L&#8217;Hymne maltais&nbsp;\u00bb)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Monnaie :<\/strong> Euro (EUR)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Superficie en km<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;:<\/strong> 316&nbsp;km<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Population :<\/strong> 457&nbsp;267&nbsp;habitants en 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Densit\u00e9 de population :<\/strong> 1 447 habitants\/km<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Langue(s) officielle(s) :<\/strong> Maltais et anglais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Langues (r\u00e9gionales) parl\u00e9es :<\/strong> italien, fran\u00e7ais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Histoire :<\/strong> D\u00e8s l&#8217;Antiquit\u00e9, cet ensemble d&#8217;\u00eeles est utilis\u00e9 par les Ph\u00e9niciens et les Grecs, puis les Romains comme relais entre l&#8217;Afrique et l&#8217;Europe. Les Vandales, les Ostrogoths, les Byzantins s&#8217;y succ\u00e8dent puis les Aghlabides s&#8217;y installent pour 2 si\u00e8cles. Au XIe si\u00e8cle, les Normands prennent le contr\u00f4le de l&#8217;\u00eele. Au XIIe si\u00e8cle, elle est contr\u00f4l\u00e9e par les Italiens. Ensuite l&#8217;Ordre de Malte prendra une grande importance ce qui engendra en 1565 le grand si\u00e8ge de Malte par les Ottomans. Pendant la campagne d&#8217;\u00c9gypte de Napol\u00e9on en 1798, les Fran\u00e7ais envahissent le pays avant que les Britanniques les remplacent en 1800. Finalement cet \u00e9tat insulaire retrouvera son ind\u00e9pendance en 1964. &nbsp;Elle est aujourd&#8217;hui membre de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne&nbsp;depuis le&nbsp;1<sup>er<\/sup>&nbsp;mai 2004, ainsi que de la&nbsp;zone euro&nbsp;depuis le&nbsp;1er&nbsp;janvier 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Patrimoine mondial de l&#8217;humanit\u00e9 (UNESCO) : <\/strong>Trois sites culturels y sont inscrits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/130\">Ipog\u00e9e de \u0126al Saflieni&nbsp;<\/a>(1980),<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/132\">Temples m\u00e9galithiques de Malte<\/a> (1980),<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/131\">Ville de La Valette<\/a> (1980).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni.jpg\" alt=\"Hypog\u00e9e Hal Salfieni.\" data-id=\"3271\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/malte\/320px-hypogee_hal_saflieni\/\" class=\"wp-image-3271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni.jpg 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Hypogee_Hal_Saflieni-110x72.jpg 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Hypog\u00e9e Hal Salfieni.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches.jpg\" alt=\"Temple de Ggantija, niches dans abside.\" data-id=\"3272\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/malte\/320px-ggantija_niches\/\" class=\"wp-image-3272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches.jpg 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Ggantija_niches-110x72.jpg 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Temple de Ggantija, niches dans abside.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"237\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline.jpg\" alt=\"La Valette\" data-id=\"3273\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/malte\/320px-valletta_skyline\/\" class=\"wp-image-3273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline.jpg 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/320px-Valletta_skyline-110x81.jpg 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">La Valette<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sources :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/malte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">France Diplomatie<\/a>,<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.francophonie.org\/node\/1016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Francophonie<\/a>,<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/?search=Malte&amp;order=country\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UNESCO<\/a>,<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Malte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour plus d&#8217;informations sur la francophonie : <a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/la-francophonie\/\">https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/la-francophonie\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour d&#8217;autres pays membres de l&#8217;OIF : <a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/category\/membres-de-loif\/\">https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/category\/membres-de-loif\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nom :&nbsp;Malte ou r\u00e9publique de Malte. Statut \u00e0 l&#8217;OIF : \u00c9tat observateur de l&#8217;OIF depuis 2018. Situation g\u00e9ographique : Ensemble de huit \u00eeles situ\u00e9es dans la Mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e au sud de la Sicile (Italie). Capitale&nbsp;: La Valette. Hymne :&nbsp;en&nbsp;maltais&nbsp;:&nbsp;L-Innu Malti(\u00ab&nbsp;L&#8217;Hymne maltais&nbsp;\u00bb) Monnaie : Euro (EUR) Superficie en km2&nbsp;: 316&nbsp;km2 Population : 457&nbsp;267&nbsp;habitants en 2020. Densit\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3268,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[367],"class_list":["post-3264","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-membres-de-loif","tag-observateurs-de-loif"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3264"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3275,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3264\/revisions\/3275"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3264"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3264"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}