{"id":3206,"date":"2021-09-03T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-03T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/?p=3206"},"modified":"2021-09-03T16:20:19","modified_gmt":"2021-09-03T09:20:19","slug":"mauritanie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/","title":{"rendered":"Mauritanie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_.png\" alt=\"Drapeau de la Mauritanie\" data-id=\"3207\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/flag_of_mauritania-svg\/\" class=\"wp-image-3207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_.png 320w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg_-110x73.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Drapeau de la Mauritanie<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"3208\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/240px-seal_of_mauritania_2018-svg_\/\" class=\"wp-image-3208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_.png 240w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_-125x125.png 125w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Seal_of_Mauritania_2018.svg_-110x110.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Blason de la Mauritanie<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_.png\" alt=\"Localisation de la Mauritanie dans le monde.\" data-id=\"3210\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/240px-mauritania_orthographic_projection-svg\/\" class=\"wp-image-3210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_.png 240w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_-125x125.png 125w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/240px-Mauritania_orthographic_projection.svg_-110x110.png 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Localisation de la Mauritanie dans le monde.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"Carte de la Mauritanie\" data-id=\"3211\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817\/\" class=\"wp-image-3211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-1536x1086.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-2048x1448.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-110x78.jpg 110w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-420x297.jpg 420w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/mauritanie-4_cle0b1817-608x430.jpg 608w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Carte de la Mauritanie.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nom :<\/strong>&nbsp;Mauritanie ou R\u00e9publique islamique de Mauritanie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statut \u00e0 l&#8217;OIF :<\/strong> \u00c9tat membre de l&#8217;OIF depuis 1980.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Situation g\u00e9ographique :<\/strong> Pays d&#8217;Afrique du nord-ouest, situ\u00e9 en grande partie dans le Sahara, avec une c\u00f4te maritime donnant sur l&#8217;Oc\u00e9an Atlantique, limitrophe au nord du&nbsp;Sahara occidental, de l&#8217;Alg\u00e9rie au nord-nord-est, du&nbsp;Mali&nbsp;\u00e0 l&#8217;est et au sud-sud-est, et du&nbsp;S\u00e9n\u00e9gal&nbsp;au sud-ouest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Capitale&nbsp;:<\/strong> Nouakchott.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hymne :<\/strong>&nbsp;<em>Sharaf, &#8216;Iikha&#8217;, Eadl<\/em>, \u00ab&nbsp;Honneur Fraternit\u00e9 Justice&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Monnaie :<\/strong> Ouguiya\u00a0(MRU).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Superficie en km<sup>2<\/sup>&nbsp;: <\/strong>1&nbsp;030&nbsp;700&nbsp;km<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Population :<\/strong> 4&nbsp;005&nbsp;475&nbsp;habitants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Densit\u00e9 de population :<\/strong> 4 habitants\/km<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Langue(s) officielle(s) :<\/strong> arabe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Langues (r\u00e9gionales) parl\u00e9es :<\/strong> &nbsp;L&#8217;arabe-hassaniya, le&nbsp;peul, le&nbsp;sonink\u00e9, et le&nbsp;wolof sont des langues nationales. Le fran\u00e7ais est une des langues de travail au sein de l&#8217;administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Histoire :<\/strong> On retrouve des vestiges datant de la pr\u00e9histoire sur l&#8217;actuel territoire mauritanien. L&#8217;empire du Ghana se fit conna\u00eetre d\u00e8s le VIIIe si\u00e8cle en Europe, sa capitale Koumbi se trouvait dans le&nbsp;Hodh El Chargui. Au XIe si\u00e8cle, il est remplac\u00e9 par l&#8217;Empire almoravide qui sera remplac\u00e9 au fil des si\u00e8cles par d&#8217;autres royaumes musulmans. \u00c0 la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle, les Fran\u00e7ais colonisent cette vaste r\u00e9gion d&#8217;oasis \u00e9tendue du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal au Sud-marocain. En 1946, la Mauritanie acc\u00e8de au statut de&nbsp;territoire d&#8217;outre-mer&nbsp;et finira par acc\u00e9der \u00e0 son ind\u00e9pendance en novembre 1960. Aujourd&#8217;hui elle fait partie de l&#8217;ONU, de l&#8217;Union africaine, de la&nbsp;Ligue arabe, de l&#8217;Union du Maghreb arabe, de l&#8217;Organisation de la coop\u00e9ration islamique&nbsp;et de l&#8217;Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve S\u00e9n\u00e9gal&nbsp;(OMVS), en plus d&#8217;\u00eatre membre de l&#8217;Organisation internationale de la francophonie&nbsp;(OIF).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Patrimoine mondial de l&#8217;humanit\u00e9 (UNESCO) :<\/strong> Deux sites sont inscrits sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l&#8217;humanit\u00e9, le Parc national du banc d&#8217;Arguin&nbsp;(1989) &#8211; site naturel &#8211; et le site culturel Anciens&nbsp;<em>ksour<\/em>&nbsp;de Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt et Oualata&nbsp;(1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43.jpg\" alt=\"Bateaux de p\u00eache au Parc national du banc d'Arguin.\" data-id=\"3213\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/640px-pnba_43\/\" class=\"wp-image-3213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43.jpg 640w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43-110x83.jpg 110w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43-420x315.jpg 420w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640px-PNBA_43-573x430.jpg 573w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Bateaux de p\u00eache au Parc national du banc d&#8217;Arguin.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"389\" height=\"583\" src=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town.jpg\" alt=\"Le minaret carr\u00e9 de la mosqu\u00e9e dans le quartier vieux de Chinguetti- Anciens ksour de Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt et Oualata. \" data-id=\"3214\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/mauritanie\/chinguetti_old_town\/\" class=\"wp-image-3214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town.jpg 389w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town-73x110.jpg 73w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town-280x420.jpg 280w, https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Chinguetti_old_town-287x430.jpg 287w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Le minaret carr\u00e9 de la mosqu\u00e9e dans le quartier vieux de Chinguetti- Anciens ksour de Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt et Oualata. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-background has-white-background-color has-white-color is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sources :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.francophonie.org\/node\/976\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Francophonie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/fr\/dossiers-pays\/mauritanie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">France Diplomatie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/etatsparties\/mr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UNESCO<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mauritanie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour plus d&#8217;informations sur la francophonie :<a href=\" https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/la-francophonie\/\"> https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/la-francophonie\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour d&#8217;autres pays membres de l&#8217;OIF : <a href=\"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/category\/membres-de-loif\/\">https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/category\/membres-de-loif\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nom :&nbsp;Mauritanie ou R\u00e9publique islamique de Mauritanie. Statut \u00e0 l&#8217;OIF : \u00c9tat membre de l&#8217;OIF depuis 1980. Situation g\u00e9ographique : Pays d&#8217;Afrique du nord-ouest, situ\u00e9 en grande partie dans le Sahara, avec une c\u00f4te maritime donnant sur l&#8217;Oc\u00e9an Atlantique, limitrophe au nord du&nbsp;Sahara occidental, de l&#8217;Alg\u00e9rie au nord-nord-est, du&nbsp;Mali&nbsp;\u00e0 l&#8217;est et au sud-sud-est, et du&nbsp;S\u00e9n\u00e9gal&nbsp;au [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[318],"class_list":["post-3206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-membres-de-loif","tag-membre-de-loif"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3206"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3216,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3206\/revisions\/3216"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/efip.ctu.edu.vn\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}